Review Category : Articles

As a Distinct Seismic Force-Resisting System in ASCE/SEI 7-22

Coupled composite plate shear walls/concrete-filled (coupled C-PSW/CFs), known as the SpeedCore system by the American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC), is a non-proprietary composite solution for the design of mid- to high-rise buildings. The coupled C-PSW/CF system is a revolutionary modular system that reduces the construction schedule considerably. The coupled C-PSW/CF system provides adequate lateral stiffness, capacity, and ductility (deformation capacity) needed to be considered as a primary seismic force-resisting system. This structural system is an alternative to conventional coupled reinforced concrete walls in the wind or seismic design of buildings. A typical coupled C-PSW/CF system using planar C-PSW/CFs and composite coupling beams (CBs) is shown in Figure 1.

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The Age of IoT (Internet of Things) has come much sooner than anticipated. The pandemic accelerated the digital transformation process, requiring everyone to be comfortable with technology: fast internet, video conferences, cloud storage, and VPN tunnels. Data center facilities housing servers, switches, data storage, and computer processing functions are also becoming more common as major businesses become more reliant on the cloud (Figure 1). Two common types are colocation and hyperscale. Colocation facilities can serve multiple tenants, while hyperscale facilities typically serve a single tenant. Hyperscale facilities are commonly developed by tenants or with significant involvement from the eventual tenant. The design for colocation facilities is based on a developer’s best guess of what the market and potential tenants would want in a particular location.

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Is the Process Compromising the Service Life of Encapsulated PT?

Unbonded post-tensioned (PT) concrete slab construction is commonly used for many types of structures, from high-rise towers to low-rise concrete podiums and parking structures. Since the adoption of ACI 318-14, Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete and Commentary, many jurisdictions now require fully encapsulated PT tendons for building applications in all environments to prevent moisture intrusion and improve durability. The effectiveness of full encapsulation, however, can be highly dependent on the PT system installation, specifically the cutting of the tendon tails. This operation may not be done with enough precision and care to protect the grease caps, which encapsulate the tendon tails and complete the PT system’s continuous moisture barriers.

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As a result of the global pandemic, construction materials such as steel – a necessary material for use in traditional concrete applications – have been impacted by price increases and material shortages. Although this may be concerning for businesses and municipalities undertaking construction projects involving parking decks, roads, bridges, and other concrete-related repairs, it may open up the opportunity to utilize the short-term and long-term benefits of fiber-reinforced concrete.

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What You Always Wanted to Ask

This quarterly article answers some of the questions received from engineers, building officials, and other design professionals about structural standards developed by the Structural Engineering Institute (SEI) of the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE). Questions such as these are often considered to develop future editions. Following are some questions received and SEI’s responses.

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Changing the Way Engineers Work

Engineers are constantly trying to find new ways to optimize processes to perform their duties more effectively. Implementing drone or Unmanned Arial Vehicle (UAV) technology in their projects is one solution engineers have found over the past few years and are starting to use.

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Maryann Phipps has worked as a structural engineer for 40 years, evaluating, designing, and renovating buildings in California. She is an active leader in the engineering community and a regular speaker on earthquake performance and the seismic protection of non-structural building components. In 2022, she was inducted into the National Academy of Engineering. She received the H.J. Brunnier Lifetime Achievement Award from the Structural Engineers Association of Northern California in 2020, serving as the organization’s first female President in 1993.

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For SEs and Climate Change Scientists, Predictive Ability Rests in Finite Element Quality

For any who have read my previous articles, it will be no surprise that the views I present herein might be considered heretical. But, after much thoughtful consideration of what appears to be a prevailing attitude among many of the structural engineering community regarding the global climate crisis, I feel a responsibility to present what I believe is a fair critique of what is often (in my view, incorrectly) called Settled Science. I do this because I feel it is not in the best interest of our profession to blindly accept as settled something that is not actually settled. Our reputations will suffer if we accept, without debate, hypotheses that are not proven and may be shown in the future to be wrong (particularly if we “go along” to look fashionably hip to the public or our clients). 

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Engineering companies nationwide face labor constraints for experienced professionals to deliver work, continued supply chain disruptions, and construction labor and materials shortages caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. Moreover, economic conditions grow more challenging with elevated inflation, higher interest rates, and concerns that the U.S. economy is on the brink of a recession. Yet the top 10 publicly traded A/E/C companies are experiencing increased revenue through organic growth and expect more growth in 2023, although some do maintain their caution for the year ahead. Their strategies provide insights for companies of all sizes.

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STRUCTURE magazine